What it is:
The lens we've tested with the camera. For an interchangeable lens camera, results will be different if you buy the camera with another lens.
When it matters:
Mostly for point and shoot and bridge cameras because you're stuck with the lens. Could be useful also if you plan to buy the kit lens that we've tested with the interchangeable lens camera.
Our tests
Lens Type
What it is:
Whether the lens is interchangeable or built into the camera.
When it matters:
An interchangeable lens camera will allow you to use any compatible lens, which multiplies the possibilities. If the built-in lens fulfills the vast majority of your needs, a built-in lens camera is an option.
Maximum Aperture
What it is:
The maximum aperture (opening for light in a lens) that the camera can achieve. Higher-end lenses will have it fixed for the whole focal length range.
When it matters:
A higher aperture gives you more flexibility for your exposure and gives you a very shallow depth of field for a portrait.
Max Aperture (Full Frame Equivalent)
What it is:
The maximum aperture (opening for light) the lens can achieve. This is converted to a full-frame sensor equivalent to be compared across sensor sizes.
When it matters:
A higher aperture gives you more flexibility for your exposure and gives you a very shallow depth of field for a portrait.
Good value:
below f/5.0
Minimum Focal Lenght
What it is:
The minimum focal length of the lens. This isn't tested; it's reported from the manufacturer. This isn't the equivalent focal length.
When it matters:
A smaller value will provide a wider field of view and allow your subject to be closer to the camera.
Maximum Focal Lenght
What it is:
The focal length of the lens. This isn't tested; it's reported from the manufacturer.
When it matters:
A bigger value will provide a narrower field of view and allow closeups of subjects farther from the camera.
Max Focal Length (Full Frame Equivalent)
What it is:
The maximum focal length of the lens. This is converted to a full-frame sensor equivalent to be compared across sensor sizes.
When it matters:
A longer focal length is helpful for closeups of subjects farther from the camera, like when doing wildlife photography.
Good value:
300-500mm for wildlife photography
Luminance
What it is:
The luminance value in the center of the photo. It corresponds to the ratio of light captured by the sensor from the light source.
When it matters:
Light reaching the photo sensor of the camera is the most important thing in a camera. A better luminance will allow you to select a lower ISO, decreasing the noise in your photo.
Good value:
70%
Light Falloff
What it is:
The ratio of the lowest luminance point to the highest in the picture. Typically, the lowest luminance transmitted by the lens is in the corner, and the highest is in the center. This is a lens limitation inherent to their design.
When it matters:
A light with good uniformity (low light falloff) is better because it gives you more flexibility. If required, you can add a light falloff effect later on with software.
Good value:
70%